Forget treatments with a size suitable for all cancer-personalization is the future, and is already showing promises.
In a fundamental trial of the early phase, a personalized vaccine caused a strong immune response to nine patients with advanced kidney cancer, successfully erase the disease and keeping it in the breast for at least three years.
“We are very excited about these results, which show such a positive response in all nine patients with kidney cancer,” said Dr. Toni Choueiri, co-director of the LANK Center for Geniver Cancer at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and co-author of the study.
Yeardo, more than 62,000 Americans are diagnosed with kidney cancer, making it one of the 10 most common cancers in both men and women in the United States. Most diagnoses occur in people between 65 and 74 years, and the risk increases with age.
Existing immune renal cancer therapies aim to “release the brakes” into the immune system, allowing it to attack cancer cells. However, they fail to direct immune cells to the specific areas where they are needed.
As a result, experts say these therapies have proven ineffective for some patients, while others have been caught with the risks of a very reactive immune response, including organs, pain and inflammation.
“The idea behind this judgment was to drive specifically the immune system towards an objective that is unique to the tumor,” Dr. said David Braun, a member of the Molecular and Cell Oncology Center in the Yale Cancer Center and the main author of the study.
Researchers developed personalized vaccines adapted for each patient’s unique cancer using tumor tissue removed during surgery as a plan.
They used the advanced technology of DNA sequences to identify specific molecular traits – known as neoantigens – that are present in cancer cells but are missing in healthy ones.
Using predictive algorithms, the team then showed neoantigens most likely to cause a strong immune response, which were included in custom vaccines.
Administered after surgery, the shooting trained the patient’s immune system to target and eliminate remaining cancer cells while saving healthy tissue.
“We learned which specific objectives in cancer are more susceptible to immune attack and demonstrated that this approach can generate long immune responses,” Brown said. “We believe this work can form a foundation for the development of neoantigen vaccines in kidney cancer.”
While some patients reported localized reactions at the injection site and flu -like symptoms, none experienced severe side effects.
In the clinical test, all patients had carcinomas of clear cell cell cells III or IV, a particularly aggressive renal cancer subtype known for its potential to spread quickly if not diagnosed and treated early.
Standard treatment usually includes surgery followed by Pembolizumab, an immunotherapy drug that increases the immune response and reduces the risk of recurrence. But even with this treatment, about two -thirds of patients return and remain limited.
This is where the personalized vaccine enters. Rashate, all nine patients who received the vaccine were left without cancer for at least three years after treatment-an impressive result that researchers studied for the future of kidney cancer.
“Patients with kidney cancer in Phase III or IV are at high risk of repetition,” Choueiri said. “The tools that we have to reduce that danger is not perfect and we are seeking mercilessly.”
This progress is not limited to kidney cancer. Clinical studies are also exploring personalized vaccines to increase immune responses to other cancers, including those of the liver, breast, pancreas, brain and skin.
The study, published in nature, highlights the potential of personalized cancer vaccines, although experts warn that greater, longer evidence is needed to fully confirm the safety and effectiveness of this treatment strategy.
The second phase of rehearsal rehearsals is already developing, with researchers testing it along with Pembolizumab in the hope of making the treatment even more effective.
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